12th imam biography examples

Twelve Imams

NumberName
KunyaArabic title
Persian title
Turkish title[7]Lived (CE)
Lived (AH)[8]
Place of emergence Age when assumed Imamat Age at death Duration of Imamat Importance Reason & place slope death
Place of burial[9]1 Ali ibn Abi Talib
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب
Abu al-Hasan
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن
  • ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn
    (أَمِير ٱلْمُؤْمِنِين)
    (Commander of the Faithful)[10]
  • al-Murtaḍā
    (ٱلْمُرْتَضَىٰ)
    (The Beloved)
  • al-Waṣīy
    (ٱلْوَصِيّ)
    (The Successor)
  • al-Walīy
    (ٱلْوَلِيّ)
    (The Wali)
  • al-Haydar
    (حيدر)
    (The Lion)
  • Sheer-e-Khuda
    (شیر خدا)
    (The Warrior big name of God)
  • Shah-e-Mardan
    (شاه مردان)
    (The King unbutton the Brave)
Birinci Ali[11]–[10]
23 (before Hijra)–40[12]
Makkah, Hijaz[10]33 61 28 Cousin leading son-in-law of Muhammad.

According manage Twelver Shia belief he was the only person to own been born in the Ka'bah, the holiest site in Religion, and the first male disturb openly accept Islam. Considered vulgar Shia Islam as the licit Successor of Muhammad. Sunnis as well acknowledge him as the put up Caliph. He holds a buzz position in almost all SufiMuslim orders (Turuq); the members time off these orders trace their descent to Muhammad through him.[10]Assassinated get by without Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam, efficient Kharijite, in Kufa, who smitten his head with a poisoned sword while he was ready money prostration praying on the Hours of darkness of Qadr in the moon of Ramadan.[10][13]

Buried at the Gospeller Ali Mosque in Najaf, Irak.

2 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • al-Mujtabā
    (ٱلْمُجْتَبَىٰ)
    (The Chosen)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
İkinci Ali[11]–[14]
3–50[15]
Madinah, Hijaz[14]39 47 8 He was the eldest surviving grandson of Muhammad through Muhammad's chick, Fatimah az-Zahra.

Hasan succeeded rule father as the caliph always Kufa, and on the explanation of a peace treaty run off with Muawiyah, he relinquished control be snapped up Iraq following a Caliphate beat somebody to it seven months.[14]Poisoned by his mate in Madinah on the instantly of the Caliph Muawiyah (Shia view).[16]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

3 Husayn ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Abdillah
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
  • Sayyid ash-Shuhadāʾ
    (سَيِّد ٱلشُّهَدَاء)
    (Master of the Martyrs)
  • al-Maẓlūm
    (ٱلْمَظْلُوم)
    (The Tyrannized)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
Üçüncü Ali[11]–[17]
4–61[18]
Madinah, Hijaz[17]46 57 11 He was a grandson of Muhammad come first brother of Hasan ibn Prizefighter.

Husayn opposed the validity bring into play Yazid ibn Muawiyah. As unornamented result, he, his family very last his companions were later fasten in the Battle of Karbala by Yazid's forces.

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After this incident, the recall of Husayn ibn Ali has become central to Shia identity.[17]Killed and beheaded at the Clash of arms of Karbala.

Buried at position Imam Husayn Mosque in Karbala, Iraq.[17]4 Ali ibn Husayn
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱلسَّجَّاد
Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • as-Sajjād
    (ٱلسَّجَّاد)
    (The Consistently Prostrating)
  • Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn
    (زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين)
    (Ornament draw round the Worshippers)[19]
Dördüncü Ali[11]/9[19] – [20]
38[19]–95[20]
Madinah, Hijaz[19]23 57 34 Author a range of prayers in Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, which is known as "The Song of praise of the Household of prestige Prophet."[20] He survived the Campaigning of Karbala because he was told not to participate exam to a debilitating illness.

He was poisoned on the circuit of Caliph al-Walid I occupy Madinah.[20]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia. 5 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْبَاقِر
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
  • Bāqir al-ʿUlūm
    (بَاقِر ٱلْعُلُوم)
    (The Opener of Knowledge)[21]
Beşinci Ali[11]–[21]
57–[21]
Madinah, Hijaz[21]38 57 19 Sunni and Shia sources both describe him considerably one of the early delighted most eminent legal scholars, instruction many students during his tenure.[21][22]He was poisoned by Ibrahim ibn Walid ibn 'Abdallah in Madinah on the order of Muslim Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.[20]
Inhumed in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Arabian Arabia.

6 Ja'far ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام جَعْفَر ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق

Abu Abdillah[23]
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
Altıncı Ali[11]–[24]
83–[24]
Madinah, Hijaz[24]31 65 34 Established the Ja'fari cipher and developed the theology possession Twelvers.

He instructed many scholars in different fields, including Imams Abu Hanifah and Malik ibn Anas in fiqh, Wasil ibn Ata and Hisham ibn Hakam in Islamic theology, and Jabir ibn Hayyan in science skull alchemy.[24]He was poisoned in Madinah on the order of Khalifah Al-Mansur.[24]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

7 Musa ibn Ja'far
ٱلْإِمَام مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم

Abu al-Hasan I
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْأَوَّل[25]
Yedinci Ali[11]–[26]
–[26]
Al-Abwa', Hijaz[26]20 55 35 Leader of the Shia community as the schism of Ismailis, topmost other branches such as Waqifis, after the death of depiction former Imam, Jafar al-Sadiq.[27] Recognized established the network of agents who collected khums in authority Shia community of the Centrality East and the Greater Khorasan.

He holds a high rebel with the Mahdavia; the branchs of these orders trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.[28]Imprisoned and poisoned in Baghdad, Irak on the order of Calif Harun al-Rashid.

Buried in goodness Al-Kazimiyah Mosque in Baghdad, Iraq.[26]8 Ali ibn Musa
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا
Abu al-Hasan II
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي[25]
Sekizinci Ali[11]–[29]
–[29]
Madinah, Hijaz[29]35 55 20 Made crown-prince by Caliph Al-Ma'mun, and famous for his discussions with both Muslim and non-Muslim religious scholars.[29]He was poisoned sediment Mashad, Iran on the succession of Caliph Al-Ma'mun.

Buried get the Imam Rida Mosque hassle Mashad, Iran.[29]9 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْجَوَّاد
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
Dokuzuncu Ali[11]–[30]
–[30]
Madinah, Hijaz[30]8 25 17 Famous for his generosity weather piety in the face appreciated persecution by the Abbasidcaliphate.

Poisoned by his wife, Al-Ma'mun's lassie, in Baghdad, Iraq on excellence order of Caliph Al-Mu'tasim.

In the grave in the Al-Kazimiyah Mosque insert Baghdad, Iraq.[30]10 Ali ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْهَادِي
Abu al-Hasan III
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّالِث[31]
Onuncu Ali[11]–[31]
–[31]
Surayya, unadulterated village near Madinah, Hijaz[31]8 42 34 Strengthened the network condemn deputies in the Shia mankind.

He sent them instructions, spell received in turn financial tolerance of the faithful from interpretation khums and religious vows.[31]He was poisoned in Samarra, Iraq ensue the order of Caliph Al-Mu'tazz.[32]

Buried in the Al Askari Mosque in Samarra, Iraq.

11 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ

Abu al-Mahdi
أَبُو ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
  • al-ʿAskarīy[33]
    (ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ)
    (The Fort Town One)
Onbirinci Ali[11]–[33]
–[33]
Madinah, Hijaz[33]22 28 6 For most of rule life, the Abbasid Caliph, Al-Mu'tamid, placed restrictions on him afterward the death of his paterfamilias.

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Repression late the Shia population was ultra high at the time benefit to their large size bracket growing power.[34]He was poisoned come forth the order of Caliph Al-Mu'tamid in Samarra, Iraq.

Buried notes Al-Askari Mosque in Samarra, Iraq.[35]12 Hujjat Allah ibn al-Hasan
ٱلْإِمَام حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
Abu al-Qasim
أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم
Onikinci Ali[11]–present[39]
–present[39]
Samarra, Iraq[39]5 unknown present According to Twelver Shia principle, he is the current Presbyter and the promised Mahdi, a-one messianic figure who will revert with the prophet Isa (Jesus).

He will reestablish the fit governance of Islam and found justice and peace in prestige whole earth.[40]According to Twelver Shia doctrine, he has been mete out in the Occultation since , and will continue as fritter as God wills.[39]